ABSTRACT
Abstract Occupational engagement has been conflated with other concepts, such as participation, active occupational performance, and therapeutic engagement. This critical review will discuss occupational engagement as a unique concept that describes a form of involvement in doing that does not require performance and foregrounds the subjective-affective and cognitive experiences of doing. We present some attributes of occupational engagement and the implications for the lack of clarity of this concept within the literature. The difference between occupational engagement and therapeutic engagement is discussed by comparing the foundational tenets of the Model of Human Occupation (MOHO) and the Canadian Model of Occupational Performance and Engagement (CMOP-E). Through one illustrative narrative, we discuss how occupational engagement can be understood as a phenomenon that is not performance-dependent and has different levels of engagement. To conclude, we point out some assumptions about occupational engagement that can inform occupational therapy research and practice.
Resumo Engajamento ocupacional é um conceito que tem sido confundido com outros conceitos, como participação, desempenho ocupacional ativo e engajamento terapêutico. Esta revisão crítica discutirá o engajamento ocupacional como um conceito único que descreve uma forma de envolvimento no fazer que não requer desempenho e coloca em primeiro plano as experiências subjetivas-afetivas e cognitivas do fazer. Apresentamos alguns atributos do engajamento ocupacional e as implicações da falta de clareza desse conceito na literatura. A diferença entre engajamento ocupacional e engajamento terapêutico é discutida comparando os princípios fundamentais do Modelo de Ocupação Humana (MOHO) e o Modelo Canadense de Desempenho Ocupacional e Engajamento (CMOP-E). Por meio de uma narrativa ilustrativa, discutimos como o engajamento ocupacional pode ser entendido como um fenômeno que não depende do desempenho e possui diferentes níveis de engajamento. Para concluir, apontamos algumas questões sobre o engajamento ocupacional que podem orientar a pesquisa e a prática da terapia ocupacional.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: The primary Brazilian occupational therapists goal is to enable their clients to participate in the activities of everyday life. Thus, it is important that therapists have tools that capture their clients' activities repertoires. The Paediatric Activity Card Sort (PACS) is a client-centred tool designed to capture the activity repertoire of children. However, the PACS is based on the activities of Canadian children, leading to questions regarding its use in other countries. Objective: To determine the acceptability and applicability of the PACS with Brazilian children. Method: Sixty children between 5 and 14 years participated in a descriptive cross-sectional study. A questionnaire was used to gather sociodemographic information. Behavioural observations were used to judge the acceptability of the PACS. Item responses and their relation to sociodemographic variables were used to examine applicability. Descriptive statistics were used to describe demographics and item responses. Differences in the PACS scores between gender, race, presence of siblings, parents' educational levels and marital status were assessed using non-parametric statistics. Results: Reported participation in PACS activities ranged from 95.7% (personal care) to 15.1% (sports). Eleven PACS activities had a participation rate of less than 10% and a number of new activities, not included in the PACS, were identified. Differences were found among gender and presence of siblings. Conclusion: With adjustments for the Brazilian context the PACS can be a useful tool to capture children activity suggesting the potential usefulness of a Brazilian PACS.